Court Cases
Manpower Minister Josephine Teo’s use of POFMA on SDP’s statements are “not appropriate” argues SDP in court
Invoking the use of the Protection From Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA) over three of the Singapore Democratic Party’s (SDP’s) posts was not an appropriate use of the legislation, argued the party in the High Court yesterday (16 January). It explained that the legislation is meant to be applied to “obvious, deliberate falsehoods”.
Party chairman Dr Paul Tambyah, when speaking to reporters after the hearing, said that the party’s statements which were decided to be false by Manpower Minister Josephine Teo were actually made based on a “reasonable interpretation” of publicly available data provided by her ministry.
This challenge by SDP against the minister’s correction directions is the first POFMA case to be brought to court. The party, representing themselves and led by SDP chief Chee Soon Juan, presented its arguments before Justice Ang Cheng Hock in chambers. The party had applied for the case to be heard in open court but was denied.
Speaking to reporters, Dr Chee said, “What we’re taking issue with is, MOM then takes its case, presents its data in a certain manner, and then uses it to say ours is false. That is the point of contention.”
Dr Chee also noted that the Ministry of Manpower’s statement is not false either if they are using a different timeframe. However, SDP’s statements are based on factual data from MOM in a different timeframe.
So the dispute here is about the varying interpretations of the data by the SDP and MOM, viewed in different perspectives.
Dr Chee stressed that a key issue raised in Court is what a reasonable person would make of SDP’s statements.
Talking about the Home Affairs and Law Minister K Shanmugam’s use of the Punggol Waterway Terraces roof collapse hoax as an example of an online falsehood, Dr Chee said, “A reasonable person would also be able to see whether the roof has collapsed or not. (In SDP’s case), you can argue until the cows come home…and you’d still have disputes about it, and that’s why we say POFMA cannot be applied.”
When asked about why the party was not represented by a lawyer, Dr Tambyah said that donors have been very generous, adding that the party would prefer to channel the monetary contributions to fund its campaign for the upcoming general elections.
The hearing continues today with SDP finishing up their presentation, followed by the Attorney General acting on behalf of MOM.
The case so far
On 14 December, the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) issued correction directions to the SDP for three postings it made online relating to employment trends in Singapore. The MOM alleged that SDP’s statements are false.
The party was directed under POFMA to carry a correction notice on each of the three posts which includes a link to the government’s Factually site, debunking SDP’s statements with MOM’s own data.
While SDP complied with the directions, the party also refuted MOM’s claims that their statements are false and misleading, noting that the information was based on data that MOM published itself.
The party then submitted an application to Ms Teo to cancel the correction directions, but the application was rejected. Ms Teo said that the party did not provide sufficient grounds for its appeal. However, no further explanation was given on how the SDP’s application was lacking.
Consequently, the party released a statement to say that MOM’s rejection and the answer given “is not a rational answer”, and called MOM’s response a “cop-out”. The party contends that it submitted a “detailed account – including analysing MOM’s own statistics – of the reasons for the statements in our posts.”
The party also hit back at Ms Teo for not being able to give an adequate explanation for her rejection of the appeal despite having the time to do so.
“Minister Josephine Teo, despite having the entire Ministry and its officials at her disposal with two full working days and an entire weekend to refute our specific arguments, has refused or been unable to do so. This is telling,” it wrote.
The party then revealed it is “left with no choice” but to pursue the matter in Court, adding that it has filed an originating summons against Ms Teo in the High Court and will not be engaging a lawyer but argue the matter themselves.
SDP had also applied for the matter to be heard in open court. It said in a statement, “Given that the matter has drawn widespread and intense public interest, the SDP is of the view that the case be open to the public.”
However, the judge refused the party’s application and the case is being heard in chambers instead, where the media and members of the public are not allowed to attend.
The party explained that if the correction directions issued by Ms Teo are upheld, then “the last holdout where important national issues are openly and robustly debated on the Internet in Singapore would be irreparably closed”.
Court Cases
Ex-minister Iswaran’s corruption trial postponed to 24 September
The criminal trial of former Transport Minister S. Iswaran, initially set for next week on 10 September, has been moved to 24 Sept. The Attorney-General’s Chambers confirmed that both the defense and prosecution requested the adjournment. Iswaran faces 35 charges, including 32 counts of obtaining valuables, two counts of corruption, and one count of obstructing justice.
SINGAPORE: The criminal trial of former Transport Minister S. Iswaran, initially scheduled to commence on next week on 10 September, has been rescheduled to 24 September.
A spokesperson for the Attorney-General’s Chambers (AGC) confirmed this change on Thursday (5 September), stating that both the defence and prosecution had jointly requested the adjournment.
“Because it was a joint request, the court acceded to it,” said the AGC spokesperson.
This delay follows the Court of Appeal’s recent dismissal of Iswaran’s third attempt to compel the prosecution to disclose all statements from its intended witnesses.
The former PAP Member for Parliament for West Coast GRC faces a total of 35 charges.
These include 32 counts of obtaining valuables as a public servant, two counts of corruption, and one count of obstructing justice.
The charges are linked to his interactions with property tycoon Ong Beng Seng and Lum Kok Seng, managing director of Lum Chang Holdings.
The charges against Iswaran involve alleged dealings with Mr Ong, including the receipt of various items such as tickets to the Singapore Formula One (F1) Grand Prix, football matches, and musical shows in Britain.
Mr Ong, credited with bringing the F1 race to Singapore, is also the chairman of race promoter Singapore GP. The prosecution alleges that these transactions, worth approximately S$218,058.95, were influenced by Iswaran’s role as Chairman of the F1 Steering Committee.
Additionally, Iswaran is accused of receiving valuable items such as bottles of whisky, golf clubs, and a Brompton bicycle from Mr Lum, with a combined value of approximately S$18,956.94.
These items were allegedly received while Mr Lum was overseeing the T315 contract, which involved addition and alteration works to the Tanah Merah Station and viaducts under Lum Chang Building Contractors and the Land Transport Authority (LTA).
Earlier, Iswaran successfully petitioned to have his charges heard in a joint trial rather than separately.
If convicted of obtaining valuable items as a public servant, Iswaran could face a prison sentence of up to two years, a fine, or both.
Conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act for corruptly obtaining gratification could result in a sentence of up to seven years in prison, a fine of up to S$100,000, or both.
Additionally, if convicted of obstructing justice, Iswaran could be sentenced to up to seven years in prison, a fine, or both.
Court Cases
S. Iswaran loses bid for witness statements disclosure for third time
On 3 September, former PAP Minister S. Iswaran’s third attempt to compel the prosecution to disclose all witness statements failed. The defence, represented by Davinder Singh Chambers, argued that Section 214(1)(d) of the Criminal Procedure Code requires the prosecution to disclose all witness statements, including drafts. However, Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon and Justices Woo Bih Li and Steven Chong, struggling to follow Mr Singh’s argument, dismissed Iswaran’s bid, stating the questions were not of law of public interest.
SINGAPORE: On Tuesday (3 September), former transport minister S Iswaran’s third attempt to compel the prosecution to provide all witness statements to the defence was unsuccessful.
The 62-year-old former minister from the People’s Action Party sought permission to refer two related legal questions of public interest to the Court of Appeal: whether the prosecution is required to include witness statements as part of its case, and whether the court can order the prosecution to do so.
According to the CPC, the prosecution must serve the defense with its case before the trial begins. This includes conditioned statements that the prosecution intends to admit at trial—written statements admissible as evidence in criminal proceedings.
The prosecution interpreted this to mean it only needs to provide conditioned statements of witnesses it plans to admit at trial.
However, Senior Counsel Davinder Singh and his team contended that the prosecution should also provide all forms of witness statements, including “draft statements,” that it intends to use.
In dismissing Iswaran’s bid, Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon, Justice Woo Bih Li and Justice Steven Chong determined that the questions raised by the defense did not constitute questions of public interest law.
As reported by CNA, during the hearing, Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon and Justice Steven Chong expressed difficulty in understanding Mr Davinder Singh’s arguments. Justice Chong questioned the admissibility of draft statements, stating that it is impossible to intend to admit such drafts.
Both justices repeatedly indicated they were struggling to follow Mr Singh’s interpretation of Section 214(1)(d) of the Criminal Procedure Code.
Chief Justice Menon challenged Mr Singh’s reading, suggesting that it would require the prosecution to include all witness statements—whether signed or in draft form—when filing their case, even if the prosecution did not currently intend to use them at trial.
Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon questioned whether Mr. Singh’s interpretation required the inclusion of all conceivable evidence, regardless of its relevance at the time of filing.
Mr Singh agreed, explaining that the intention to admit evidence can be formed or withdrawn at any time. He argued that the law should not depend on when the prosecution decides to form that intention.
Mr Singh recalled that on 2 April, the prosecution asked the defence to consent to conditioned statements being filed without allowing them to see those statements first.
“So our position was – you can show us those statements before you ask us to consent. When we took that position, that we are entitled to see them before we would agree or not they changed their position and said we are not filing conditioned statements. ”
“So whatever one might make out of that, the point is intention is a moving target,” said Mr Singh.
Chief Justice Menon acknowledged Mr Singh’s points but expressed concern that the language of Section 214(1)(d) of the statute is not flexible or a “moving target.”
“The language of the statute was chosen by the parliament and it constrains what the court can order, ” Chief Justice told Mr Singh.
“And to be honest with you, Mr Singh, if I can cut to the chase, I think the contentions you are putting forward on the interpretation of Section 214(1)(d), I’m struggling to see how we can sustain those contentions within the language of 214.”
He also questioned where the statutory basis could be found to support the broader scope of discovery that Mr. Singh was advocating for.
Mr Singh then argued that his client has fewer rights under the current criminal disclosure regime, which replaced the previous committal hearing provisions.
He suggested that his client now has less access to the prosecution’s evidence.
However, Justice Steven Chong countered that this argument was “not a realistic one”, noting that the prosecution would disadvantage itself by not admitting certain statements.
Chief Justice Menon further pointed out that Mr Singh was essentially asking the court to effectively craft a discovery regime” similar to what existed under the old committal hearings, which is problematic because Parliament had not addressed it.
He clarified that Parliament intended for the new criminal disclosure regime, outlined in Section 214, to specify what the prosecution must provide to the defense, including only the statements the prosecution intends to admit at trial.
Trial for former Transport Minister S Iswaran to begin on September 10
Mr Iswaran was last in open court in July, where he lost his bid to compel the prosecution to make available to the defence all statements by prosecution witnesses.
The former PAP Member for Parliament for West Coast GRC faces a total of 35 charges. These include 32 counts of obtaining valuables as a public servant, two counts of corruption, and one count of obstructing justice.
The charges are linked to his interactions with property tycoon Ong Beng Seng and Lum Kok Seng, managing director of Lum Chang Holdings.
The charges against Iswaran involve alleged dealings with Mr Ong, including the receipt of various items such as tickets to the Singapore Formula One (F1) Grand Prix, football matches, and musical shows in Britain.
Mr Ong, credited with bringing the F1 race to Singapore, is also the chairman of race promoter Singapore GP. The prosecution alleges that these transactions, worth approximately S$218,058.95, were influenced by Iswaran’s role as Chairman of the F1 Steering Committee.
Additionally, Iswaran is accused of receiving valuable items such as bottles of whisky, golf clubs, and a Brompton bicycle from Mr Lum, with a combined value of approximately S$18,956.94.
These items were allegedly received while Mr Lum was overseeing the T315 contract, which involved addition and alteration works to the Tanah Merah Station and viaducts under Lum Chang Building Contractors and the Land Transport Authority (LTA).
Mr Iswaran’s trial is scheduled to commence on 10 September.
If convicted of obtaining valuable items as a public servant, Iswaran could face a prison sentence of up to two years, a fine, or both.
Conviction under the Prevention of Corruption Act for corruptly obtaining gratification could result in a sentence of up to seven years in prison, a fine of up to S$100,000, or both.
Additionally, if convicted of obstructing justice, Iswaran could be sentenced to up to seven years in prison, a fine, or both.
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