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Lee Hsien Loong warns of limited political space if election margins narrow

Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong warned that shrinking electoral margins could limit the government’s ability to make long-term decisions, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between political leadership and the public service to maintain Singapore’s success.

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SINGAPORE: Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong has warned that shrinking electoral margins may constrain the government’s ability to make long-term decisions.

Speaking at the Annual Public Service Leadership Ceremony, SM Lee Hsien Loong warned that if the People’s Action Party (PAP) continues to lose electoral support, the government will have “less political space to do the right things.” He explained that as electoral margins narrow, it becomes increasingly difficult to ignore short-term pressures, which could significantly change the political landscape.

“Singaporeans must understand the dangers this creates, and so must the public service,” SM Lee stressed. He pointed out that Singapore faces formidable internal and external challenges in the years ahead, with rising expectations and demands from citizens. As growth becomes harder to achieve and politics becomes more fiercely contested, he warned, “Things can go wrong for Singapore too.” He urged vigilance in preparing for an uncertain future, noting, “As the world changes, and as the generations change, we must do our best to renew our system – to ensure that it continues to work well for us, even as things change.”

The PAP saw a marked drop in its vote share in the 2020 General Election, securing 61.24% of the vote and 83 out of 93 seats, down from 69.9% in 2015. A significant loss was that of Sengkang GRC to the Workers’ Party (WP), where the PAP’s team, led by former Minister Ng Chee Meng, was defeated.

Fiscal Responsibility and Governance

Reflecting on Singapore’s governance, SM Lee credited its success over the past six decades to good policies, political leadership, and a strong public service. He emphasized the need for cooperation between the public service and ministers to maintain stability, noting, “This is how we have been able to maintain political stability and deliver good government.”

SM Lee contrasted Singapore’s approach with that of other countries, where politicians often avoid difficult decisions to retain support, leading to populism. “Thankfully, Singapore has been an exception to this rule,” he said.

He pointed to the government’s decision to raise the Goods and Services Tax (GST) as an example of responsible governance. While acknowledging that the two-stage increase—from 7% to 8% in 2023 and from 8% to 9% in 2024—would likely cost the ruling party votes, SM Lee explained that it was necessary to fund rising healthcare costs for an ageing population.

“It was a political decision to minimise the impact on the public, even though it created twice the administrative overheads. But doing it in two steps acknowledged the public’s concerns about the tax increase,” SM Lee said. However, public perception holds that the phased hike led to greater price inflation than if it had been implemented all at once.

Public Service and Leadership

In his speech, SM Lee also called on the public service to remain committed to its mission of serving Singaporeans. He urged public service leaders to lead by example, saying, “You have to set the tone and direction in your respective organisations.” He emphasized that the public service and political leadership must continue working together to address key challenges, including public transport, immigration, and income inequality.

SM Lee concluded by underscoring the importance of maintaining high-quality political leadership and a dedicated public service to ensure Singapore remains exceptional. “Together, the political leadership and the public service can come up with good policies, persuade Singaporeans to support them, and make the policies succeed,” he said.

Head of Civil Service Leo Yip echoed SM Lee’s concerns about shrinking political margins and praised his leadership in creating the political space necessary for difficult decisions. Yip stressed that the public service must support the government’s longer-term objectives, even amid increasing complexity.

“Senior Minister Lee led the way in convincing Singaporeans about the tough choices we had to make,” Yip said, emphasizing that it is the public service’s duty to think beyond their respective organisations and act in the national interest. “Our role is to steer and guide our colleagues to think and act as One Public Service,” he added.

Sengkang GRC and Political Opposition

The PAP’s defeat in the newly introduced Sengkang GRC marked a significant moment in the 2020 General Election, with Associate Professor Jamus Lim of the Workers’ Party winning a seat.

During a live debate, Assoc Prof Lim openly challenged SM Lee’s assertion that the election would give the PAP a mandate to lead the country through the crisis.

“The truth is, the PAP, in all likelihood, would have this mandate by the end of this election,” Assoc Prof Lim said, drawing laughter from those present.

He clarified that the WP was not trying to deny the PAP its mandate but rather prevent it from receiving “a blank cheque” in Parliament. “That is what I think this election is about,” he remarked.

Despite losing Sengkang GRC and securing 61.24% of the vote, the PAP continues to hold a super-majority in Parliament (over two-thirds of the seats), ensuring it cannot be blocked from amending the Constitution.

Assoc Prof Lim’s perspective may have contributed to WP’s success in Sengkang, as residents saw the election as an opportunity to ensure greater accountability from the ruling party. His team’s victory underscored the growing desire among voters for more balanced representation in Parliament.

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Dr Chee Soon Juan criticises Ho Ching’s vision for 8-10 million population

SDP chief Dr Chee Soon Juan criticised Ho Ching’s claim that Singapore could support a population of 8 to 10 million through effective city planning. In a video message, he expressed scepticism about the push for population growth, citing adverse effects like rising living costs and mental health issues. Dr Chee argued that smaller populations can thrive, referencing Scandinavian countries that excelled internationally and produced Nobel laureates.

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Dr Chee Soon Juan, Secretary-General of the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP), slammed Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong’s spouse, Ho Ching, for her assertion that Singapore could accommodate 8 to 10 million people with proper city planning and land reclamation.

In a video message published on 1 October, Dr Chee expressed strong scepticism regarding the narrative of increasing the population, highlighting that the current surge past the 6 million mark had been largely driven by the influx of foreigners, which led to several adverse consequences.

He further highlighted that smaller populations were not inherently negative, drawing examples from some Scandinavian countries that had flourished on the international stage despite their smaller populations and had even produced Nobel Prize laureates.

Ho Ching expressed confidence that with proper city planning, Singapore could accommodate up to 8-10 million people

Last Friday (27 September), in a Facebook post, Madam Ho, who was also the former CEO of Temasek Holdings, highlighted the growing demand for caregivers as the population aged and the need for workers to sustain sectors like construction and engineering, particularly as the workforce shrank due to lower birth rates.

“As we have less children, we need more people from elsewhere to join us to keep this city functioning, from repairing train tracks through the night to serving patients in hospitals through the night. ”

Dr Chee Highlights Risks of Population Growth

In response, Dr Chee recalled his experience of being reprimanded by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan during the last General Election for raising concerns about the implications of a rapidly growing population.

He questioned why Madam Ho, who shared similar views, had not faced the same scrutiny.

In his video, Dr Chee articulated several concerns regarding the proposed increase in population, highlighting the potential negative impacts, including increased demand for food, housing, and transportation, which would result in a significant rise in living costs.

With a larger population, Dr Chee pointed out that more flats, roads, hospitals, and public transportation would need to be constructed, which would ultimately require higher taxes and fees to maintain the necessary infrastructure.

The SDP leader emphasized that an influx of residents would intensify competition for jobs, exerting downward pressure on wages and potentially leading to higher rates of unemployment and underemployment.

Dr Chee further expressed concern over the environmental degradation that would accompany population growth, citing the recent clearing of forests for housing and industrial developments, including Tengah and Kranji Forests.

Dr Chee questioned the ability of existing infrastructure to cope with a growing population, referencing the persistent issues with the MRT system, including breakdowns and safety hazards.

He highlighted the toll that congestion and overpopulation take on the mental health of Singaporeans, noting a rise in reported mental health challenges.

“All this while the ministers live in secluded and luxurious bunglows and villas, far from the madding crowd which we are subjected to every single day.”

“So, when Ho Ching says that we can accommodate up to 10 million people, I’d like to ask her, where and what type of house she lives in?”

Dr Chee Argues for Innovative Economic Solutions Over Traditional Urban Expansion

Regarding the ruling government’s persistent push to increase Singapore’s population to what he considered “unhealthy levels,” Dr Chee suggested that the PAP lacked viable alternatives for fostering economic growth.

He implied that the government resorted to traditional methods of expansion, such as construction and urban development.

He highlighted that the government is fixated on physically expanding the city—“digging, pouring concrete, and erecting structures”—to sustain GDP growth.

This approach, he argued, creates an illusion that Singapore remains a productive economic hub, despite potential downsides.

Dr Chee Advocates for the Value of Smaller Populations: Cites Political Freedom as Key to Innovation and Success

Dr Chee further contended that a smaller population did not necessarily hinder a nation’s success.

He cited several Scandinavian countries and Taiwan, emphasising their global brands and innovations despite their relatively small populations.

Dr Chee connected the success of these nations to their political freedoms, arguing that the ability to think and express oneself freely fostered innovation and societal progress.

He contrasted this with Singapore, where he claimed that the government controlled media and stifled freedom of expression.

He criticised the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP) for its centralised control and for limiting the potential of Singaporeans. Dr Chee used the metaphor of a “grotesque monkey” clinging to the nation, suggesting that the PAP hindered progress and growth.

Dr Chee emphasised that the quality of a population—its talent, energy, and potential—was far more important than its size.

He suggested that Singapore possessed the necessary attributes to succeed on a global scale but was held back by the current political landscape.

He urged Singaporeans to engage in critical thinking rather than passively accepting government narratives.

Dr Chee advocated for a more mature and sophisticated approach to governance and civic engagement, encouraging citizens to take an active role in shaping their society.

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Court Cases

PSP seeks greater clarity from AGC on prosecutorial decisions against ex-minister Iswaran

Following former Transport Minister Iswaran’s sentencing to 12 months in jail on 3 October, the Progress Singapore Party (PSP) issued a statement expressing its anticipation for clarity from the Attorney-General’s Chambers regarding prosecutorial decisions, given the high public interest. On 24 September, the AGC cited litigation risks in amending Iswaran’s charges but affirmed the case’s merit.

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SINGAPORE: Following the sentencing of former Transport Minister Iswaran to 12 months in jail by Singapore’s court, the alternative party Progress Singapore Party (PSP) has issued a statement expressing concern over the ruling.

In a statement released at noon on 3 October, Ms Hazel Poa, Secretary-General of the PSP, noted that Mr Iswaran, who is also a former Member of Parliament from the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP), was sentenced for four counts of obtaining gifts as a public servant under Section 165 of the Penal Code 1871, and one count of obstructing justice under Section 204A of the same code.

Ms Poa, who is also a Non-Constituency Member of Parliament, stated that, given the high level of public interest in this case, the PSP looks forward to receiving greater clarity from the Attorney-General’s Chambers (AGC) regarding its prosecutorial decisions at the appropriate juncture.

On the morning of 3 October, the court granted Iswaran’s request to surrender himself at 4 p.m. on 7 October to begin serving his sentence.

However, his lead lawyer, Davinder Singh, indicated that the start of the sentence could be delayed depending on “instructions,” hinting at the possibility of an appeal.

Iswaran admitted to accepting valuable gifts from prominent businessmen, including Ong Beng Seng, chairman of Singapore GP, and David Lum Kok Seng, managing director of Lum Chang Holdings, while holding public office.

These gifts, which included private flights and other benefits, were worth over S$400,000 in total.

The 35 charges against Iswaran were amended by the prosecution on 24 September from corruption to lesser offences under Section 165, which pertains to public servants receiving valuable items in connection with their official duties.

The court also took into account Iswaran’s admission of obstructing the course of justice, for which he had repaid over S$5,000 to Singapore GP for a business-class flight he had taken at Ong’s expense.

The remaining 30 charges were taken into account during sentencing.

Iswaran had originally faced 35 charges, including two counts of corruption.

The charges were amended from two counts of corruption under the Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA) to offences under Section 165.

This section, unlike Section 8 of the PCA, does not include a presumption of corruption, which would have placed the burden on the accused to prove the gifts were not given as inducements.

The AGC in an explanation cited substantial evidentiary risks in proving the original corruption charges, which involved  Ong Beng Seng and Lum Kok Seng.

The AGC noted that proving the original corruption charges under PCA would have been difficult due to the involvement of both Iswaran and Ong as primary parties.

Both would have had to implicate themselves to establish corrupt intent.

The AGC explained that “there are two primary parties to the transactions, and both would have an interest in denying corruption in the transactions.” This made securing a conviction for corruption highly uncertain.

In light of these risks, the AGC amended the charges to offenses under Section 165 of the Penal Code, which carries a lower evidentiary threshold and a reduced maximum sentence of two years’ imprisonment.

According to AGC, the amendment was made to ensure a fair and just outcome while considering public interest.

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