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鄞义林:比较台湾和新加坡的公共医疗服务

by Yee Loon
13/02/2019
in 健康, 舆论, 观点
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

新闻配图:医生看诊(图源:Andrei_R, shutterstock.com)

鄞义林撰文,北雁译

在亚洲新闻台看到一篇文章,提到名为Serynn Guay的34岁女青年,她其中一项烦恼,是“无法预测”的医疗开销。

她说,“我们不知道当我们年纪大些时,究竟需要多少才够用… 我们能安稳地退休吗?我们的积蓄是否足够?”

她补充,“有可能接下来20年都要继续工作,即使孩子已经大学毕业,我们还要继续为储蓄退休和其他生活开销打拼。”

这里让我和大家分享台湾的情况。

在台湾,医疗保健是免费的,在现有的国家保健和退休计划下,一个从现在起工作40年的人,大约能以现有薪资的60巴仙养老。

所以,台湾人不会感受到新加坡人一样的忧虑。他们知道只要身体不适,都能接受有素质的医疗服务,无需感到恐惧,或担心负担不起而不敢去看医生。

他们也知道,到了退休年龄就真的可以退休,他们也很向往退休生活。

但是在我国,国人缴税、也支付保健储蓄和终身健保,但是还是很怕看医生。

在台湾,员工只需为医疗保险支付薪资的一巴仙,就能享有免费医疗保健。但是在新加坡,我们把薪资的8-10.5巴仙都放入保健储蓄,也不能享有完全免费的医保。而且,还要自掏腰包负担最昂贵的医疗服务。

我们把37巴仙的薪资放入公积金,却无法保障最低退休金额。2011年,公积金的中位数入息仅260元;2014年则是394元。和国人中位数收入对比下,几乎只是薪资的10巴仙而已。

在台湾,国人把薪资的一小部分交给国家,从而享有免费医疗和有保障的退休。

在我国,国人支付的是全球最高额的保健储蓄和公积金,却还要自行承担最为昂贵的医疗服务,而且难以保障退休生活,也是最不够用的退休金计划之一。

当然,台湾人工资所得较低,或许在出国旅行上无法太频繁。

但在新加坡,我们自以为我们的薪资更高,但你可知道,仍有些国人赚的收得,还不如台湾的最低薪资标准?而低收入群的30-50巴仙,他们可能也没办法储蓄得和普通台湾一样多,甚至更少。在新加坡,只有20-30巴仙的群体才算是真正的“高薪”。

而新加坡低收入群体的薪资,也比许多欧美国家、日韩的最低薪资还要低,即便生活成本几乎相近。国人的中位数收入,也低于大部分欧美国家,所以,还有很多国人要向文章前端的 Serynn Guay女士一样,为基本的社会保障感到焦虑。

我人在台湾,虽赚取的薪资较低,所以很怀念以前逢假日可以去旅行的时光。但当我生病时我不用担心,我随时可以到医院看诊,即便是外籍人士也受到当地的国家医疗保险保障。如果我是台湾人,我也很清楚直到我什么时候可以退休。

更不用说,若您在欧美国家如加拿大、澳洲和纽西兰,薪资不仅较高,公民都获得社会保障,国人可以享有真正良好素质低生活。

那么为何新加坡人不能?因为我们从不抗拒人民行动党。很多台湾人问我:何以新加坡人能忍受行动党对人民所做的一切?

我说:因为我们不敢抗议,我们恐惧。

再者,我们在有生之年一直在为我们的生活忧愁。

顺祝:农历新年进步

**本文原刊于鄞义林脸书,获授权在本社英语站转载

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