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Singapore’s population exceeds 6.04M, driven by non-resident growth

As of June 2024, Singapore’s total population reached 6.04 million, marking a 2% increase from June 2023, driven largely by a 5% growth in the non-resident population, which rose from 1.77 million to 1.86 million. This growth is attributed to various foreign worker categories. Meanwhile, the citizen population increased by 0.7% to 3.64 million, with a notable decline in births and marriages.

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SINGAPORE: As of June 2024, Singapore’s total population reached 6.04 million, reflecting a 2% increase from June 2023, according to the Government’s latest Population in Brief report released by the National Population and Talent Division (NPTD) on Tuesday (24 Sept).

This notable rise in population is primarily attributed to a 5% growth in the non-resident (NR) population, which increased from 1.77 million in June 2023 to 1.86 million in June 2024.

The increase was observed across various pass types, including foreign workers across all categories, semi-skilled non-professional work permit holders, manager and executive roles, technician (non-PMET) workers, dependants, and international students.

Work Permit Holders contributed the most to this growth, followed closely by Migrant Domestic Workers, NDTD report added.

“Today, the foreign workforce constitutes about two-thirds of the NR population, while the remaining one-third comprises mainly migrant domestic workers, dependants, and students,” the report noted.

The report further highlighted that the increase in the NR population was primarily driven by growth in foreign employment from June 2023 to June 2024.

It emphasized that, given Singapore’s fundamental labour constraints, the foreign workforce complements the local workforce and enables companies to access a broader range of skills from the global labour pool.

Additionally, the annualized population growth rate over the last five years (2019-2024) was slightly higher than in the preceding five-year period (2014-2019), mainly due to post-COVID growth in the number of Work Permit Holders in the Construction, Marine Shipyard, and Process (CMP) sectors as companies resumed projects delayed by the pandemic.

citizen population: 3.64 million

The report also highlighted concerning trends among citizens, including a decrease in births and marriages.

The citizen population increased by 0.7% from 3.61 million in June 2023 to 3.64 million in June 2024, while the Permanent Resident (PR) population grew by 1.2%, rising from 538,600 to 544,900 during the same period.

In 2023, there were 28,877 citizen births, marking a 5.1% decline from the 30,429 births recorded in 2022.

This decline continues a downward trend, with the resident total fertility rate (TFR) dropping to a historic low of 0.97 in 2023.

The average number of births per year over the last five years was 31,100, lower than the 33,000 average recorded in the preceding five years.

Additionally, the median age of citizen mothers at first birth increased to 31.4 years in 2023, compared to 30.2 years in 2013.

The report noted that this decline may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in economic uncertainty and disrupted marriage and parenthood plans for some Singaporean couples.

“The decline in TFR is also happening in other advanced societies, where more people are postponing family formation and having fewer children due to reasons such as the prioritisation of careers, shifting attitudes towards marriage and parenthood, and concerns about child-raising costs,” the NDTD report added.

Fewer citizen marriage in 2023

According to the report, the number of citizen marriages fell to 24,355 in 2023, a decrease of 1.7% from the previous year’s record high, although it remains higher than figures from 2019.

The median age at first marriage for citizen grooms and brides was 30.7 and 29.0 years, respectively, in 2023, up from 30.1 and 27.8 years in 2013.

The NPTD report noted that among the citizen population aged 25-49 years, there was a higher proportion of singles across almost all age groups in 2023 compared to 2013, a trend observed among both males and females.

Aging trend

A significant demographic shift is underway as the proportion of seniors in the citizen population continues to rise.

As of June 2024, 19.9% of citizens were aged 65 and above, compared to 12.4% in June 2014.

Meanwhile, 60.4% of citizens were aged 20-64 years, a decrease from 64.8% in 2014.

The number of citizens aged 80 and older has surged by approximately 65%, increasing from 85,000 in 2014 to 142,000 in 2024.

The report estimates that by 2030, around 1 in 4 citizens (24.1%) will be aged 65 and above.

Transnational marriages accounted for 36% of all citizen marriages in 2023

The report noted a noteworthy trend in marriages, with transnational marriages accounting for 36% of all citizen marriages in 2023, up from 33% in 2022. Despite fluctuations caused by COVID-19 travel restrictions, the proportion of transnational marriages has consistently remained above one-third over the past decade.

As of June 2023, there were 176,900 citizens married to non-citizen spouses.

Among the 28,877 citizen births in 2023, more than 1 in 4 were born to couples comprising both citizens and non-citizens.

The report remarked, “Many foreign spouses have lived in Singapore for years, often even before meeting their Singaporean spouses. They are now a part of our families and community. These transnational families add to the diversity and vibrancy of our population.”

Interestingly, the report highlighted that around 3 in 4 transnational marriages today involve citizen grooms and non-citizen brides, a trend that has remained stable over the last decade.

However, the profile of transnational families has evolved in recent years. Non-citizen brides are now older and have higher educational qualifications at the time of marriage.

The proportion of non-citizen brides aged below 25 decreased from 18.0% in 2013 to 6.5% in 2023, while the proportion with a university degree increased from 36.6% in 2013 to 47.4% in 2023.

23,472 individuals granted citizenship in 2023

The latest NPTD report further noted that in 2023, 23,472 individuals were granted citizenship, while 34,491 individuals were granted permanent residency.

The average number of new citizenships and permanent residencies granted per year over the last five years was 22,400 citizenships and 32,600 permanent residencies, slightly higher than the preceding five-year period, which recorded averages of 21,600 citizenships and 31,100 permanent residencies.

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Property tycoon Ong Beng Seng to be charged for abetting graft and obstructing justice

Property tycoon Ong Beng Seng is expected to face charges on 4 October, 2024, linked to abetting graft and obstructing justice. Ong’s case is connected to former transport minister S Iswaran, who was recently sentenced to one year in jail. Iswaran had obtained over S$400,000 worth of gifts from Ong.

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Property tycoon and hotelier Ong Beng Seng is set to face charges on Friday (4 October), according to Channel News Asia, citing Singapore court records.

Ong is expected to be charged with abetting one count each under Section 165 and Section 204A of Singapore’s Penal Code.

Section 165 pertains to a public servant obtaining valuables from individuals with whom they have an official relationship, while Section 204A deals with obstructing justice.

Ong’s charges stem from his involvement in a high-profile corruption case linked to former Singaporean transport minister S Iswaran.

The 80-year-old businessman was named in Iswaran’s initial graft charges earlier this year.

These charges alleged that Iswaran had corruptly received valuable gifts from Ong, including tickets to the 2022 Singapore Formula 1 Grand Prix, flights, and a hotel stay in Doha. These gifts were allegedly provided to advance Ong’s business interests, particularly in securing contracts with the Singapore Tourism Board for the Singapore GP and the ABBA Voyage virtual concert.

Although Iswaran no longer faces the original corruption charges, the prosecution amended them to lesser charges under Section 165. Iswaran pleaded guilty on 24 September, 2024, to four counts under this section, which covered over S$400,000 worth of gifts, including flight tickets, sports event access, and luxury items like whisky and wines.

Additionally, he faced one count of obstructing justice for repaying Ong for a Doha-Singapore flight shortly before the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) became involved.

On 3 October, Iswaran was sentenced to one year in jail by presiding judge Justice Vincent Hoong. The prosecution had sought a sentence of six to seven months for all charges, while the defence had asked for a significantly reduced sentence of no more than eight weeks.

Ong, a Malaysian national based in Singapore, was arrested by CPIB in July 2023 and released on bail shortly thereafter. Although no charges were initially filed against him, Ong’s involvement in the case intensified following Iswaran’s guilty plea. The Attorney-General’s Chambers (AGC) had earlier indicated that it would soon make a decision regarding Ong’s legal standing, which has now led to the current charges.

According to the statement of facts read during Iswaran’s conviction, Ong’s case came to light as part of a broader investigation into his associates, which revealed Iswaran’s use of Ong’s private jet for a flight from Singapore to Doha in December 2022. CPIB investigators uncovered the flight manifest and seized the document.

Upon learning that the flight records had been obtained, Ong contacted Iswaran, advising him to arrange for Singapore GP to bill him for the flight. Iswaran subsequently paid Singapore GP S$5,700 for the Doha-Singapore business class flight in May 2023, forming the basis of his obstruction of justice charge.

In addition to Ong, construction tycoon Lum Kok Seng was also linked to the additional charges filed against Iswaran in March this year.

Iswaran, who became transport minister in 2021, admitted to accepting valuable items worth approximately S$19,000 from Lum, including a Brompton bicycle, luxury wines, and golf equipment. However, no charges have been publicly announced against Lum.

This is not the first time Ong has found himself embroiled in controversy.

The 1990s saw questions over luxury condominium units sold by his company to Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew and his son. The units, part of the Nassim Jade and Scotts 28 condominiums, were allegedly sold at special discounts.

This raised eyebrows due to Ong’s familial links with the Lees – his uncle, Lee Suan Yew, was a director at HPL. Although then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong cleared the Lees of any wrongdoing in 1996, the incident has remained a notable mark on Ong’s business record.

Furthermore, an investigative report by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project in 2018 revealed allegations of corruption involving Ong in the leasing of two islands in the Maldives.

The report suggested that HPL had sidestepped Maldivian laws requiring public tender for island leases, instead conducting direct negotiations with Maldivian officials.

It was also alleged that a US$5 million payment made for the lease of Fohtheyo island had been siphoned off through a company associated with friends of the then Maldivian Vice President Ahmed Adeeb. Ong did not respond to these allegations.

Ong, who is the founder of the Singapore-based organization Hotel Properties and a shareholder in many businesses, has a net worth of S$1.7 billion.

Together with his wife Christina, they ranked No. 25 on Forbes’ Singapore’s 50 Richest list, which was published in August 2022.

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Dr Chee Soon Juan criticises Ho Ching’s vision for 8-10 million population

SDP chief Dr Chee Soon Juan criticised Ho Ching’s claim that Singapore could support a population of 8 to 10 million through effective city planning. In a video message, he expressed scepticism about the push for population growth, citing adverse effects like rising living costs and mental health issues. Dr Chee argued that smaller populations can thrive, referencing Scandinavian countries that excelled internationally and produced Nobel laureates.

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Dr Chee Soon Juan, Secretary-General of the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP), slammed Senior Minister Lee Hsien Loong’s spouse, Ho Ching, for her assertion that Singapore could accommodate 8 to 10 million people with proper city planning and land reclamation.

In a video message published on 1 October, Dr Chee expressed strong scepticism regarding the narrative of increasing the population, highlighting that the current surge past the 6 million mark had been largely driven by the influx of foreigners, which led to several adverse consequences.

He further highlighted that smaller populations were not inherently negative, drawing examples from some Scandinavian countries that had flourished on the international stage despite their smaller populations and had even produced Nobel Prize laureates.

Ho Ching expressed confidence that with proper city planning, Singapore could accommodate up to 8-10 million people

Last Friday (27 September), in a Facebook post, Madam Ho, who was also the former CEO of Temasek Holdings, highlighted the growing demand for caregivers as the population aged and the need for workers to sustain sectors like construction and engineering, particularly as the workforce shrank due to lower birth rates.

“As we have less children, we need more people from elsewhere to join us to keep this city functioning, from repairing train tracks through the night to serving patients in hospitals through the night. ”

Dr Chee Highlights Risks of Population Growth

In response, Dr Chee recalled his experience of being reprimanded by Minister for Foreign Affairs Dr Vivian Balakrishnan during the last General Election for raising concerns about the implications of a rapidly growing population.

He questioned why Madam Ho, who shared similar views, had not faced the same scrutiny.

In his video, Dr Chee articulated several concerns regarding the proposed increase in population, highlighting the potential negative impacts, including increased demand for food, housing, and transportation, which would result in a significant rise in living costs.

With a larger population, Dr Chee pointed out that more flats, roads, hospitals, and public transportation would need to be constructed, which would ultimately require higher taxes and fees to maintain the necessary infrastructure.

The SDP leader emphasized that an influx of residents would intensify competition for jobs, exerting downward pressure on wages and potentially leading to higher rates of unemployment and underemployment.

Dr Chee further expressed concern over the environmental degradation that would accompany population growth, citing the recent clearing of forests for housing and industrial developments, including Tengah and Kranji Forests.

Dr Chee questioned the ability of existing infrastructure to cope with a growing population, referencing the persistent issues with the MRT system, including breakdowns and safety hazards.

He highlighted the toll that congestion and overpopulation take on the mental health of Singaporeans, noting a rise in reported mental health challenges.

“All this while the ministers live in secluded and luxurious bunglows and villas, far from the madding crowd which we are subjected to every single day.”

“So, when Ho Ching says that we can accommodate up to 10 million people, I’d like to ask her, where and what type of house she lives in?”

Dr Chee Argues for Innovative Economic Solutions Over Traditional Urban Expansion

Regarding the ruling government’s persistent push to increase Singapore’s population to what he considered “unhealthy levels,” Dr Chee suggested that the PAP lacked viable alternatives for fostering economic growth.

He implied that the government resorted to traditional methods of expansion, such as construction and urban development.

He highlighted that the government is fixated on physically expanding the city—“digging, pouring concrete, and erecting structures”—to sustain GDP growth.

This approach, he argued, creates an illusion that Singapore remains a productive economic hub, despite potential downsides.

Dr Chee Advocates for the Value of Smaller Populations: Cites Political Freedom as Key to Innovation and Success

Dr Chee further contended that a smaller population did not necessarily hinder a nation’s success.

He cited several Scandinavian countries and Taiwan, emphasising their global brands and innovations despite their relatively small populations.

Dr Chee connected the success of these nations to their political freedoms, arguing that the ability to think and express oneself freely fostered innovation and societal progress.

He contrasted this with Singapore, where he claimed that the government controlled media and stifled freedom of expression.

He criticised the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP) for its centralised control and for limiting the potential of Singaporeans. Dr Chee used the metaphor of a “grotesque monkey” clinging to the nation, suggesting that the PAP hindered progress and growth.

Dr Chee emphasised that the quality of a population—its talent, energy, and potential—was far more important than its size.

He suggested that Singapore possessed the necessary attributes to succeed on a global scale but was held back by the current political landscape.

He urged Singaporeans to engage in critical thinking rather than passively accepting government narratives.

Dr Chee advocated for a more mature and sophisticated approach to governance and civic engagement, encouraging citizens to take an active role in shaping their society.

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