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亚马逊雨林有史以来最频繁大火 巴西总统反指控NGO纵火

by 林殊
23/08/2019
in 国际, 新闻, 时事, 环境
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

有“世界之肺”之称的亚马逊热带雨林,今年遭遇有史以来最频繁的森林大火。根据巴西国家太空署(INPE)森林火灾计划数据指出,今年1月至8月集中在亚马逊地区的大火多达52.5巴仙,近7万3000宗。相比去年,火灾数量增加82巴仙,是自2013年来的最高纪录。

巴西国家太空署更指出,自上周四(15日)以来,其卫星图显示巴西共发生9507起火灾,大部分都位于亚马逊森林。其大火烟硝扩散,导致圣保罗城市出现浓烟蔽日。19日下午,天空突然暗了下午,并下起“黑雨”,事态严重,因而引起全国甚至是巴西总统的关注。

对此,巴西总统博尔索纳罗(Jair Bolsonaro)反而指控非政府组织,因被政府削减拨款,刻意向亚马逊森林纵火表达不满。

然而,当被问及是否握有证据证明时,博尔索纳罗表示,并没有实质证据。

《路透社》报道博尔索纳罗的言论遭非政府组织的抨击,他们声称该言论就像是“烟雾弹”,试图为他排斥环保的政策作掩护。

巴西绿色和平组织公共政策协调人艾斯特里尼(Marcio Astrini)批,“这是非常可恶的言论,近年来森林遭受大量砍伐,以及林火攻击就是反映他排斥环保的政策。

巴西环境保护研究所(Proam)所长波谷伊批评总统的言论不负责任,因为NGO把环境作为优先事项,说NGO放火烧林是无稽之谈。

非政府组织世界自然基金会巴西分会社会环境司法主任劳尔巴尔表示,博尔索纳罗的说词不负责任,因为政府缺乏有效控制手段,大火也为森林砍伐开辟空间。

专家指巴西政府鼓励农产发展,加速森林之灾

亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的热带雨林,为世界供20巴仙的氧气,因此有“世界之肺“之称。

专家警告,亚马逊雨林的大火不仅仅是为世界停止供氧,很可能会造成大量的排放碳,加速气候变迁。

《德国之声》亦访问圣保罗大学的科学家Carlos Nobre表示,大部分亚马逊森林火灾并非来自自然火灾,而是因人为所导致,通常是因为农民与畜牧业主。巴西和亚马逊地区盛行的农业方式,是砍伐树木后将其点燃,以便将土地用于农业用途,今年砍伐了更多的森林,导致森林砍伐的数量上升。

Carlos Nobre续指,尤其是巴西新政府鼓励以这种农业模式持续发展,就连总统也大力支持,经常散播“农业将会是巴西的主要经济来源,需要扩张发展“,这意味着向农民与农场业主更肆无忌惮放火焚烧。

自周一(19日)以来,推特推始涌现逾15万则标签“为亚马逊祈祷”的帖文,网民们纷纷抱怨为何亚马逊失火过了三周才报道。

 

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亚马逊雨林有史以来最频繁大火 巴西总统反指控NGO纵火

by 林殊
23/08/2019
0

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