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自2009年,警方共发出8545份公众集会许可申请

by 网络公民
13/01/2021
in 人权, 公民社会, 国会, 政治, 新闻, 时事, 法律
Reading Time: 2 mins read
0
自2009年,警方共发出8545份公众集会许可申请

Source: Wikipedia

内政部表示,自2009年公共秩序法实施以来,警方共发出了8千545份公众集会许可申请。

1月5日,内政部以书面答复盛港集选区议员辣玉莎,后者质询迄今为止警方供发出多少份集会准证,准许在芳林公园举行公众集会,又有多少是被拒绝的。

内政部则解释,在芳林公园举行的集会准证申请,很可能因为若干原因而被拒,如主办方取消或延迟活动。

根据公共秩序法第7条(2),除其他原因外,若警察局局长认为事前有合理理由,警方将会拒绝申请。

这些理由如下:

  • 造成公共混乱或对公共或私人财产造成损害;
  • 妨害公众;
  • 危及任何人的安全;
  • 引起新加坡不同群体间的敌意、仇恨、恶意;
  • 煽动或美化恐怖主义行为;
  • 在禁区举行公众集会;
  • 由外国组织操控,引导公共集会走向政治目的

另一方面,内政部也针对辣玉莎有关一人集会申请的问题答复,即截至目前共有多少份一人集会被批准和被拒绝。内政部指出,警方未有追踪,到底有多少一人集会申请被批准或被驳回。

此外,辣玉莎也延伸提问,一人集会如何对公众秩序会产生威胁。内政部则回应,即使集会初衷是和平的,但也有从一个很小的群体,演变成暴力事件的可能。

“在其他地区也曾看到过这种情况。”

对公共秩序法第七(2)的条文,内政部的诠释是这样的:“即使只有一个人(集会)都可以触法,超过一个人也会触法。”

因此,在演说者角落外,集会本身不会被阻止,但若要举行集会,必须向警方申请许可证,让警方能够更好评估情况。

“从上述数字来看,绝大多数申请都获得批准,其中许多申请涉及不止一人。

一人和平集会是否会造成威胁?

其中最明显的案例为社运份子范国瀚的举笑脸卡片。去年3月,范国瀚在大巴窑中民众俱乐部(Toa Payoh Central CC)正对面,举起一张画着笑脸的卡片。他此举是为了声援倡议环保议题是的两名年轻人。却因此遭起诉违反公共秩序法第七条文,引起国际媒体关注。

据范国瀚所述,他表示自己仅在那里几秒钟,拍个照就离开。

当时范国瀚是为了声援两名年轻人,他们倡议环保议题,其中一名青年同样在大巴窑中民众俱乐部和邻里警局前,举起写着“新加坡值得比原油更好的”(SG IS BETTER THAN OIL)的卡片,并把照片上载到社交媒体。

不过警方较后表示,青年在进行上述活动时,未申请准证。

这已非首例,范国瀚曾在2018年12月13日,在法庭外拿着一张A4纸张,声援本社总编许渊臣和时评人迪哥达,要求政府撤掉针对他们的诽谤指控。

范国瀚随后在控方要求增加保释金的情况下自辩,并试图解释却遭法官拒绝,因为法官认为范国瀚在保释期间再度犯罪,因此将会增加保释金。

在更早之前,艺术家和社运分子施兰(Seelan Palay)在2017年举着“一面画有图案的镜子,批判政府前国会议员谢太宝遭囚禁和软禁32年,进行无声抗议,被指未获许可证下进行表演活动,触犯《公共秩序法》罪名成立。

施兰被罚款2千500元,或监禁两周,而施兰选择了监禁的惩处。

对此,范国瀚也曾评论写道,法官驳回了宪法论点,即施兰有言论和集会自由权。然而,该案却被定义为一人集会即是犯罪,即使整场集会是和平进行。

在新加坡,即使是低至一人的小规模集会,也会抵触《公共秩序法》,对打压言论自由力度严苛,引起民众诟病。早在2009年,议员林瑞莲就抨击该恶法,例如对集会和游行的定义,不再限制于5人。也意味着,即使只有一人,也可构成非法集会,使得政府有能力进一步钳制民众的自由。

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