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孙雪玲形容假消息如新病毒,为《防假消息法》辩护

by 林殊
08/05/2019
in 国会, 新闻, 时事, 言论自由
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

內政部兼国家发展部高级政务次长孙雪玲于昨日国会中发表声明,并将假消息形容为“新病毒”,并以“新疗法“一词为法案辩护。

她认为,假消息如同新病毒一般,会迅速传染而且影响面积广泛,目前我国正受到网络假信息的感染,而对付“新病毒”则需为其提供有效的“新疗法”,目前提呈的法案就是打击假消息的新疗法。

她表示,日前与高级政务部长唐振辉及工人党领袖毕丹星,一同参与了英国国际假新闻与假信息委员会听证大会,与八个不同国家代表一起探讨如何应对假信息。他举例说明,目前网络假信息是全球面临的现状,许多国家如法国或德国也有专门针对假信息与数字平台制定新法律,对其进行监控。

她说“所以我们的举措并不另类,打击网络假信息也是十分常见的,新加坡和其他国家一道,正在努力对抗这种新病毒,保护国家的健康“

她认为评估新法案的好坏应探讨两方面:第一,新法案是否比现有的法案好;第二,新法案是否对症下药及有没有副作用。

称新法创新,也更符合需求

另一方面,针对刘程强所提出的质疑,孙雪玲也逐一回应,认为部长之前已解释了现有法律如新加坡广播法是23年前实施。当时并没有网络社交媒体与平台,故无将网络媒体平台纳入该法中。而新法案的好处恰恰可将网络媒体平台也纳入其中。

再者,以往的措施是以屏蔽信息为主,而新法案则是以更正假信息来澄清事实,收到更正假信息指示的网络媒体平台只要将真信息附上,便可免于刑事制裁。

孙雪玲说 “这是第一个创新的做法,因为其他国家所采取的主要措施是要求网络公司把网络信息撤下。“

她认为,相比之下,新加坡所提出的法案更加包容,也更加符合新环境的需要。

而新法案就如同多了一盏灯,提供了更多信息来做参考,来判断一件事情的真伪。所以新法案不仅不会影响言论自由,而是提供了民众更多的渠道,获取信息。

发表个人观点非假信息,不会受惩罚

孙雪玲也借此澄清新法案并不是针对普通老百姓,而是那些制造及恶意大规模散播假信息,而危害公众利益的人,故发表个人观点或是误转发假信息是不会受到制裁的。

她指出,新法案针对的是事实的虚假陈述,而非个人观点,并以己为例,说明家中长辈日前也收到了假信息的误导并将之转发,但也未被受到新法案的制裁。

“个人对于某件事的观点,并不算是虚假信息”她阐述。

她还说,打击假信息是需要共同解决,是部长、法庭、议会及民众的共同责任,而新法案是从机制上互相对假信息进行监督,鼓励大家互相配合。

另一方面,孙雪玲对刘程强“暗渡陈仓”之说感到心寒,并驳斥刘程强,指法律没有说明什么是公众利益,是因为没办法把未发生的公众利益的情况陈述清楚,但部长已透过举出多项例子来解释虚假陈述与个人观点的分别,说明其大原则与基础,以供民众参考。

刘程强揶揄赋权政府 “一把手” 

最后,孙雪玲以“众”字解释刘程强的疑问,认为“众”字里头有三个“人”,而部长恰恰面临三方监督,一是公众的监督,收到更正指示者能到法庭上诉;二是法庭的监督,法庭是最终裁定方;三是国会的监督,议员有权质疑部长的指示。

对此,刘程强也驳斥孙雪玲,部长可以先下定论,也可以决定什么是公众利益、什么是假讯息了,政府形同“一把手”。但政府也会有错误判断的时候,故应将决定权交由法庭,由政府向法庭提出上诉,而非又政府直接决定,才能让人心服口服。

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