New Delhi halts physical classes due to worsening smog crisis

New Delhi transitioned schools to online classes on Monday (18 Nov) due to worsening toxic smog engulfing the city.

City officials implemented the measure to address the escalating health crisis in the Indian capital, which is regularly ranked among the world’s most polluted cities during winter months.

On Sunday evening, levels of PM2.5 pollutants—microscopic particles that penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream—were recorded at 57 times the World Health Organization’s (WHO) daily maximum recommended limit. The situation only marginally improved by Monday morning, with pollution levels still 39 times above the safe threshold, accompanied by dense, acrid smog blanketing the megacity.

Primary schools had already been ordered to close last week. The new directive extends to all schools, except for Class 10 and 12 students, whose physical attendance is deemed essential for upcoming board examinations.

Chief Minister Atishi, who goes by one name, stated late on Sunday, “Physical classes shall be discontinued for all students, apart from Class 10 and 12.”

The move is part of a series of restrictions aimed at curbing air pollution. Authorities also imposed a ban on diesel-powered truck movements and halted construction activities within city limits. Residents, particularly children, the elderly, and those with respiratory or cardiac conditions, have been advised to stay indoors.

The toxic smog affecting New Delhi during the winter is primarily attributed to stubble burning in neighbouring agricultural states.

A thick smoke blanket (Smog+haze+mist+pollution+stubble fires 🔥 in the northwestern states) is engulfing the skies over #NewDelhi, as visible from VIIRS/MODIS🛰️ today. pic.twitter.com/LqUMSDIEF3

— AshimMitra 🛰 (@ashimmitra) November 17, 2024

Farmers burn crop residues to prepare fields for the next sowing season, contributing significantly to the air pollution crisis. Additionally, industrial emissions and vehicular traffic exacerbate the already critical situation. Cooler temperatures and stagnant winds during this period trap pollutants, worsening air quality from October to January.

An aerial image taken on 17 November showed the city’s skyline shrouded in thick smog, a stark visual reminder of the environmental and public health challenge.

The Supreme Court of India has recently emphasised the urgency of addressing the issue, declaring clean air a fundamental human right. Last month, the court directed both central and state governments to take decisive steps to mitigate the crisis.

Despite government initiatives, millions of New Delhi’s residents lack access to air purifiers or properly sealed homes, leaving them vulnerable to the hazardous air quality. The situation has led to thousands of premature deaths annually, with children and economically disadvantaged groups disproportionately affected.

With a population exceeding 30 million, the Delhi National Capital Region faces recurring challenges in combating pollution during the winter. Authorities hope the school closures and accompanying restrictions will significantly reduce vehicular traffic, a major source of emissions, and contribute to improving air quality.

Experts continue to urge long-term solutions, such as cleaner energy adoption, stringent industrial regulations, and a shift in agricultural practices, to address the recurring smog crisis effectively. For now, the city awaits the impact of the emergency measures as its residents endure another hazardous winter.