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新闻审查最严十国 厄立特里亚、朝鲜、中国、沙地均上榜

by 林殊
12/09/2019
in 国际, 新闻, 舆论, 言论自由
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

图源:路透社

厄立特里亚(Eritrea)被评为世界上“新闻审查最严格”之国,而朝鲜、中国、沙地阿拉伯也榜上有名。

日前,“保护记者委员会”(CPJ)释出有关新闻审查最严格的排名报告,其中状况较糟糕的国家,包括厄立特里亚、朝鲜和土库曼斯坦。保护记者委会称他们“因暴政迫使媒体沦为政府的说客,任何独立媒体将会被排除”。

另外10个上榜的国家,报告则指出“使用各种强硬手段如骚扰、任意禁锢、严苛的监视以及针对性的骇客骚扰,迫使独立媒体沉默。“

至于沙地阿拉伯、中国、越南和伊朗则被指,“监禁和骚扰记者与其家属,同时也涉嫌进行网络审查和监控社交网络。”

上述排名则依据各项指标,包括对独立媒体的限制、刑事诽谤法、对传播假消息的限制、网络监控、对媒体采取监控、设置媒体许可证的条件以及骇客骚扰或恶搞。

保护记者委会执行董事西蒙(Joel Simon)表示,“互联网本应使审查透明化,但事实并非如此。大部分被视为审查最严格的国家通常均属网络大国,而且拥有庞大的网络社群,该政府在将旧时的暴行加入新式的科技,而且通常购买于西方公司,用于扼杀抗议和监督媒体。”

其他上榜的国家包括赤道几内亚(Equatorial Guinea)、白俄罗斯(Belarus)和古巴(Cuba)。

报告也称,在叙利亚、也门、索马里等饱受战火摧残的国家,营运的记者境遇和新闻自由也极其不堪,但政府审查并非唯一主导因素。

在厄立特里亚,政府合法垄断广播及网络媒体,迫使其他网络或电台媒体流亡海外。

朝鲜领导人金正恩则强行阻断朝鲜的广播信号,以及使用侦测器探测人民,避免人民获得朝鲜提供以外的资料。

报告则指出,沙地阿拉伯在现任储王穆罕默德.沙尔曼的专制的政治氛围下,已让当地媒体蒙受强烈的打压。

而中国拥有最完整的审查仪器,保护记者委会指出,中国使用“防火长城”(Great Firewall)控制国内社交网络平台,以及对国际媒体实施监测。

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