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菲国中期选举杜特蒂或将巩固地位

by 林殊
14/05/2019
in 东南亚, 政治, 新闻, 时事
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

图源:https://tuoitre.vn

菲律宾中期选举或将巩固现任总统杜特蒂(Rodrigo Duterte)已过半际的总统位置,而中期选举结果,将决定总统杜特蒂能否顺利在国会推动其政治改革如恢復死刑以及改寫宪法。

菲律宾于周一(5月13日)举行中期选举,超过六千万登记选民需选出从地方议会到参议院共逾一万8000个议员、众议院、地方首长等席位,其中包括12个参议院席位。

总统杜特蒂以“出口成脏”而闻名国际,却有一定民间支持率。他以铁腕施政,对毒品相关犯罪行为施以重罚,镇压菲律宾常年的毒品问题,透过种种扫毒行动,数以千计的毒嫌已拘捕或击毙。

然而,他的铁腕手段也迎来国内外非议,例如当地独立媒体拉普勒(Rappler)长期以来抨击,杜特蒂政府推行的“毒品战争”,导致法外和治安杀人的死亡人数迅速增加。但该社总编玛丽亚蕾莎(Maria Ressa)也因此遭来打压,被指控“网络诽谤”,新闻自由维权分子认为,此举旨在让新闻机构保持沉默。

杜特蒂实行“严厉打击罪犯”平台,将犯罪年龄从15岁降至12岁,却使他在2016年的大选中大获全胜。

在菲律宾首都马尼拉,投票站在清晨6时开放,许多选民一早就来排队。51岁的选民米娜(译音)说,“我将票投给总统杜特蒂支持的参选人员,因为他们真的有在执行业务。”

“我支持政府的计划,包括反毒计划等等,但我也希望流血事件与冲突可以停止。”他也反映许多菲律宾人民对于暴力镇压颇有微词。

选举期间易引发暴动

选举的开始也引发各地区的暴力行动,这在菲律宾是常见现象。据官方统计,至少在选举期间,已有20人死亡以及24人受伤。

周一早上,菲律宾南部岛屿霍洛岛(Jolo Island)的投票站中发生冲突事件,9人遭当地有势力的叛乱部队开枪打伤。

类似的冲突事件较常发生在底层社会,而不会成为参议院选举活动的主要现象。

胜出后或有利于恢复死刑与修宪

若总统杜特蒂能在此次选举中胜出,参议院票数将逾过半,而总统杜特蒂得以履行恢复死刑与修改宪法的承诺。

据法新社报导,参议院过去以来都是阻挡杜特蒂部分最具争议性政策过关的重要堡垒。

就历史而言,菲律宾参议院共24席,任期6年,而参议员有着比众议院议员思想更独立的美名。

目前众议院已由杜特蒂一派主导,故反对派视参议院为最后防线。若杜特蒂拿下参议院,将有利他推行多项政策,其中最具争议的反对计划-恢复执行2006年废除的死刑。

自1987年来,菲律宾禁止使用死刑,而在随后的六年恢复该刑罚,最终在2006年废除。

杜特蒂一家在未来选举上获优势

杜特蒂在参议院竞选期间,于深夜集会中向支持者发表了两小时的演讲,针对敌方例行性发表羞辱言论。对其中一名对手称之为“笨蛋(faggot),再指控另一名为共产党游击队辩护。

投票活动将在周一下午六点截止,而投票结果也预计将在截止后的几个小时内公布,而同时胜选者的成绩与席位也会因而重新刷新。

虽然总统任期并为延长,但杜特蒂一家在未来的选举上是具有优势。

杜特蒂之女萨拉目前为達沃市現任市長,被点名为2022年总统大选的可能继承人;杜特蒂稚子塞巴斯蒂安自动当选副市长;而长子保罗则将竞选众议院席位。

菲律宾选举经常参杂暴力与血腥事件的发生,包括参选人员与其支持者,皆有可能竞争含有大量财富的席位中丧命。

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