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尚穆根称《防假消息法》不阻碍言论自由

by 林殊
08/05/2019
in 国会, 新闻
Reading Time: 1 min read
0

《防止网络假信息和防止网络操纵法案》于昨日国会进行二读时,内政兼律政部长尚穆根重申,当事人可以对政府所做的相关指示向法院提出上诉,启动上诉程序后,最快九个工作日,法庭就可以展开审讯。

据法案内容指出,只有影响了国家公共利益,政府才会采取行动。他也强调虽然部长是有更正与撤下不实信息的权利,但部长也必须对此提出理由。

而当事人若对政府的指示有所异议,可申请向部长提出撤销指示,而部长需在两日内日决定是否该撤销。若部长最终决定不撤销,上诉人也可向法庭提出上诉,由法官决定是否接受上诉。整个过程将尽速进行且前三日的上诉审讯无须支付。

部长尚穆根解释全球都在面临民主体系与公共机构被削弱的问题,其中以传统媒体与新媒体是部分原因之一,尤其是新媒体的功能更容易迅速散播及扩大假消息,为其带来严重后果。

例如在印度,人们因为错信在Whatsapp上传播的有关孩子被拐卖的假消息,引发私刑冲突,导致33人死亡,或是包括法国巴黎圣母院失火的视频,就被利用来推动反回教情绪法国

他认为一些有政治动机的机构,利用新媒体的便利误导民众,散播谣言以至于影响公共利益。

他表示,假消息无疑是制造民众与政府之间的不信任感。“假信息会破坏公众的信心,它被用来分化、极端化和撕裂社会凝聚力。民主对话、相互包容和寻求妥协将变得非常困难。”他持续说道。

他解释“言论自由不受这个法案的影响,我们这里谈论的是假信息,机器人写作程序、网络喷子、假帐号等,英国上诉法院的判决就提出,散播假信息不应获得基本人权保护民主社会的顺利运作,取决于社会民众是否能获得真实的消息而不是受到误导。”

部长逐一回应近期对法案提出的评论,包括法案对事实、个人看法、公共利益的定义,以及可能造成寒蝉效应,阻碍言论自由等。

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